# ☁️ AWS CloudWatch Deep Dive | Monitor EC2, Logs, Metrics & CPU Alerts with SNS 🚨 

* * *

## 📌 Table of Contents

1.  What is AWS CloudWatch?
    
2.  Why Do We Need CloudWatch?
    
3.  Main Components of CloudWatch
    
4.  CloudWatch Metrics
    
5.  CloudWatch Logs and Log Groups
    
6.  CloudWatch Alarms
    
7.  What is Amazon SNS?
    
8.  CloudWatch + SNS Architecture
    
9.  Practical Project: EC2 CPU Alert
    
10.  Step-by-Step Implementation
     
11.  Testing the Alarm
     
12.  Important CloudWatch Concepts
     
13.  Default vs Custom Metrics
     
14.  Common Use Cases
     
15.  Best Practices
     
16.  Interview Questions and Answers
     
17.  Key Takeaways
     

* * *

![](https://cdn.hashnode.com/uploads/covers/66fecde7cb0abd844c1a2f3c/95c856c9-b4f2-4beb-b3f3-c5d5824ea2fd.png align="center")

# 1️⃣ What is AWS CloudWatch?

**Amazon CloudWatch** is a monitoring and observability service provided by AWS.

It helps us monitor:

*   🖥️ EC2 instances
    
*   📊 CPU utilization
    
*   💾 Memory and disk usage
    
*   📜 Application logs
    
*   🔄 AWS services
    
*   🚨 Infrastructure problems
    
*   📩 Alerts and notifications
    

In simple words:

> **CloudWatch helps us understand what is happening inside our AWS infrastructure.**

For example, imagine you have an EC2 server running your application.

You may want to know:

*   Is the server running?
    
*   Is CPU usage too high?
    
*   Is the application generating errors?
    
*   Is disk space running out?
    
*   Has the server stopped responding?
    

CloudWatch helps you monitor these things.

* * *

# 2️⃣ Why Do We Need CloudWatch?

Without monitoring, we may only discover a problem after users complain.

For example:

```text
Application becomes slow
        ↓
Users face problems
        ↓
Users complain
        ↓
Team starts investigating
```

This is called **reactive monitoring**.

With CloudWatch:

```text
Application
     ↓
CloudWatch monitors metrics
     ↓
Threshold is crossed
     ↓
CloudWatch Alarm
     ↓
SNS Notification
     ↓
DevOps Team receives alert
```

This allows the team to identify problems quickly.

* * *

# 3️⃣ Main Components of AWS CloudWatch

The major components are:

| Component | Purpose |
| --- | --- |
| 📊 Metrics | Numerical performance data |
| 📜 Logs | Application and system logs |
| 🚨 Alarms | Trigger actions when thresholds are crossed |
| 📈 Dashboards | Visual monitoring of resources |
| 🔔 Events / Rules | Respond to changes and events |

The most important concepts for beginners are:

```text
Metrics → Monitoring Data

Logs → Application/System Records

Alarms → Alert when something goes wrong

SNS → Send notifications
```

* * *

![](https://cdn.hashnode.com/uploads/covers/66fecde7cb0abd844c1a2f3c/1df79312-70a5-4c2f-806d-2385630707a5.png align="center")

# 4️⃣ What Are CloudWatch Metrics? 📊

A **metric** is a numerical measurement that represents the performance or behavior of a resource.

For example:

```text
CPU Utilization = 75%

Network In = 100 MB

Disk Usage = 80%

Number of Requests = 5,000
```

AWS automatically provides many default metrics for its services.

For an EC2 instance, some common metrics are:

*   CPUUtilization
    
*   NetworkIn
    
*   NetworkOut
    
*   DiskReadOps
    
*   DiskWriteOps
    
*   StatusCheckFailed
    

Example:

```text
CPU Utilization

10:00 → 20%
10:05 → 35%
10:10 → 70%
10:15 → 90%
```

If CPU reaches a dangerous level, CloudWatch can trigger an alarm.

* * *

# 5️⃣ CloudWatch Logs 📜

Logs contain information about events happening inside applications and systems.

For example:

```text
Application started

User login successful

Database connection failed

API request received

Application error occurred
```

CloudWatch Logs allows us to collect and store these logs in AWS.

A common structure is:

```text
CloudWatch Logs
      │
      └── Log Group
              │
              ├── Log Stream
              ├── Log Stream
              └── Log Stream
```

## What is a Log Group?

A **Log Group** is a collection of related logs.

Example:

```text
/aws/codebuild/my-project
```

This log group may contain logs generated by a CodeBuild project.

Another example:

```text
/application/backend
```

Inside the Log Group, multiple **Log Streams** can exist.

* * *

# 6️⃣ What Are CloudWatch Alarms? 🚨

A CloudWatch Alarm watches a metric and performs an action when a condition is met.

For example:

```text
IF CPU Utilization > 80%
FOR 5 minutes

THEN

Send Email Alert
```

The flow looks like:

```text
EC2 Instance
     ↓
CPU Metric
     ↓
CloudWatch
     ↓
CloudWatch Alarm
     ↓
Amazon SNS
     ↓
📧 Email Notification
```

* * *

![](https://cdn.hashnode.com/uploads/covers/66fecde7cb0abd844c1a2f3c/856ddf08-3171-411c-b374-82e36739f607.png align="center")

# 7️⃣ What is Amazon SNS? 🔔

**Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS)** is a messaging and notification service.

SNS can send notifications through:

*   📧 Email
    
*   📱 SMS
    
*   🔗 HTTP/HTTPS endpoints
    
*   📲 Mobile notifications
    
*   AWS Lambda
    
*   Other AWS services
    

In this project, SNS will send an **email notification** when CPU usage crosses the configured threshold.

* * *

# 8️⃣ CloudWatch + SNS Architecture

The architecture for this project is simple:

```text
                ┌─────────────────┐
                │   EC2 Instance  │
                │                 │
                │  CPU Usage      │
                └────────┬────────┘
                         │
                         ▼
                ┌─────────────────┐
                │   CloudWatch    │
                │                 │
                │    Metrics      │
                └────────┬────────┘
                         │
              CPU > Threshold
                         │
                         ▼
                ┌─────────────────┐
                │ CloudWatch Alarm│
                └────────┬────────┘
                         │
                         ▼
                ┌─────────────────┐
                │    Amazon SNS   │
                └────────┬────────┘
                         │
                         ▼
                   📧 Email Alert
```

* * *

![](https://cdn.hashnode.com/uploads/covers/66fecde7cb0abd844c1a2f3c/2d13ce50-5cf5-445a-9fc9-a962b733380d.png align="center")

# 9️⃣ Practical Project 🚀

## Project: Monitor EC2 CPU Utilization and Send Email Alerts

In this project, we will:

1.  Launch an EC2 instance.
    
2.  Monitor its CPU utilization.
    
3.  Create an SNS Topic.
    
4.  Subscribe an email address.
    
5.  Create a CloudWatch Alarm.
    
6.  Set a CPU threshold.
    
7.  Generate CPU load.
    
8.  Trigger the alarm.
    
9.  Receive an email notification.
    

* * *

# 🔟 Prerequisites

Before starting, you need:

*   An AWS Account
    
*   Basic knowledge of EC2
    
*   An EC2 instance
    
*   Permission to access CloudWatch and SNS
    
*   An active email address
    

* * *

# Step 1️⃣ Launch an EC2 Instance 🖥️

Go to:

```text
AWS Console
→ EC2
→ Launch Instance
```

For learning purposes, you can select:

```text
AMI: Ubuntu

Instance Type:
t2.micro / t3.micro
```

Configure the required settings and launch the instance.

After launching:

```text
EC2 Dashboard
        ↓
Instances
        ↓
Select your instance
```

Make sure the instance state is:

```text
Running
```

* * *

# Step 2️⃣ Check EC2 Metrics in CloudWatch 📊

Go to:

```text
AWS Console
→ CloudWatch
→ Metrics
```

Then navigate to:

```text
AWS Namespaces
→ EC2
→ Per-Instance Metrics
```

Select your EC2 instance.

You should see metrics such as:

```text
CPUUtilization

NetworkIn

NetworkOut

DiskReadOps

DiskWriteOps
```

Select:

```text
CPUUtilization
```

You will now see a graph showing the CPU usage of your EC2 instance.

* * *

# Step 3️⃣ Create an SNS Topic 🔔

Go to:

```text
AWS Console
→ Amazon SNS
→ Topics
→ Create Topic
```

Choose:

```text
Type: Standard
```

Example:

```text
Name:

EC2-CPU-Alert
```

Then click:

```text
Create Topic
```

* * *

# Step 4️⃣ Create an SNS Subscription 📧

After creating the topic:

```text
SNS Topic
→ Create Subscription
```

Select:

```text
Protocol:

Email
```

Enter your email address.

For example:

```text
your-email@example.com
```

Click:

```text
Create Subscription
```

AWS will send a confirmation email.

Open the email and click:

```text
Confirm Subscription
```

Your subscription should now show:

```text
Status: Confirmed
```

⚠️ **Important:** If you do not confirm the subscription, SNS will not send notifications to your email.

* * *

# Step 5️⃣ Create a CloudWatch Alarm 🚨

Go to:

```text
CloudWatch
→ Alarms
→ Create Alarm
```

Click:

```text
Select Metric
```

Navigate to:

```text
EC2
→ Per-Instance Metrics
→ CPUUtilization
```

Select your EC2 instance.

* * *

# Step 6️⃣ Configure the Alarm Condition

For example:

```text
Threshold Type:

Static
```

Set the condition:

```text
CPUUtilization > 70%
```

You can configure:

```text
Whenever CPUUtilization is...

Greater than 70
```

Example:

```text
CPU Usage: 20%  → OK

CPU Usage: 50%  → OK

CPU Usage: 75%  → ALARM 🚨
```

* * *

# Step 7️⃣ Configure the Alarm Action

When the alarm enters the **ALARM** state, select:

```text
Send notification to:

EC2-CPU-Alert
```

This connects:

```text
CloudWatch Alarm
        ↓
SNS Topic
        ↓
Email
```

* * *

# Step 8️⃣ Name the Alarm

Example:

```text
Alarm Name:

High-EC2-CPU-Utilization
```

You can also add a description:

```text
This alarm monitors EC2 CPU utilization and sends an SNS notification when CPU usage exceeds 70%.
```

Click:

```text
Create Alarm
```

Initially, the alarm state may show:

```text
Insufficient Data
```

After CloudWatch receives enough metric data, it will change to:

```text
OK
```

* * *

![](https://cdn.hashnode.com/uploads/covers/66fecde7cb0abd844c1a2f3c/8d3e4d24-0bda-4ef1-8002-5476eb0d619c.png align="center")

# 1️⃣1️⃣ How to Test the CloudWatch Alarm 🧪

Now we need to increase the CPU usage of the EC2 instance.

First, connect to your EC2 instance:

```bash
ssh -i key.pem ubuntu@<EC2-PUBLIC-IP>
```

Install a CPU stress tool:

```bash
sudo apt update
```

```bash
sudo apt install stress -y
```

Generate CPU load:

```bash
stress --cpu 2 --timeout 300
```

This command will:

```text
Generate CPU Load
        ↓
Increase CPU Utilization
        ↓
CloudWatch detects metric change
        ↓
Threshold crossed
        ↓
Alarm changes to ALARM
        ↓
SNS sends Email 🚨
```

After the configured evaluation period, you should receive an email notification.

Example:

```text
Subject:

ALARM: High-EC2-CPU-Utilization
```

Congratulations! 🎉

You have successfully created an automated AWS monitoring and alerting system.

* * *

# 1️⃣2️⃣ Understanding CloudWatch Alarm States

CloudWatch alarms generally have three states.

## 🟢 OK

Everything is working normally.

Example:

```text
CPU = 25%
```

* * *

## 🔴 ALARM

The configured threshold has been crossed.

Example:

```text
CPU > 70%
```

The configured action is triggered.

* * *

## 🟡 INSUFFICIENT\_DATA

CloudWatch does not have enough data to determine the alarm state.

This may happen when:

*   The instance was recently launched.
    
*   Metrics are not available yet.
    
*   The monitoring configuration changed.
    

* * *

# 1️⃣3️⃣ Default Metrics vs Custom Metrics

## Default Metrics

AWS automatically provides metrics for many AWS services.

Examples:

```text
EC2 CPU Utilization

Network In

Network Out
```

You do not need to manually configure these basic metrics.

* * *

## Custom Metrics

Sometimes AWS does not provide the exact metric you need.

For example:

```text
Application Response Time

Custom Business Metrics

Number of Active Users

Memory Usage

Disk Usage
```

In such cases, you can send custom data to CloudWatch.

Example architecture:

```text
Application
      ↓
CloudWatch Agent
      ↓
CloudWatch Custom Metric
      ↓
CloudWatch Alarm
      ↓
SNS Notification
```

* * *

# 1️⃣4️⃣ Important EC2 Metrics

Here are some useful EC2 metrics:

| Metric | Description |
| --- | --- |
| CPUUtilization | Percentage of CPU usage |
| NetworkIn | Incoming network traffic |
| NetworkOut | Outgoing network traffic |
| DiskReadOps | Number of disk read operations |
| DiskWriteOps | Number of disk write operations |
| StatusCheckFailed | Indicates instance health issues |

* * *

# 1️⃣5️⃣ CloudWatch Logs Example

Suppose your application generates logs like:

```text
INFO: Application Started

INFO: Database Connected

ERROR: Database Connection Failed

ERROR: API Request Failed
```

Instead of manually logging into the server and checking:

```text
/var/log/
```

You can send these logs to:

```text
Amazon CloudWatch Logs
```

This allows centralized monitoring.

* * *

# 1️⃣6️⃣ Real-World DevOps Monitoring Architecture

In a production environment, monitoring may look like:

```text
                    Application
                         │
          ┌──────────────┼──────────────┐
          │              │              │
          ▼              ▼              ▼
       Metrics          Logs          Events
          │              │              │
          └──────────────┼──────────────┘
                         ▼
                    CloudWatch
                         │
              ┌──────────┴──────────┐
              ▼                     ▼
           Alarms               Dashboards
              │
              ▼
             SNS
              │
        ┌─────┴─────┐
        ▼           ▼
      Email       Slack
```

* * *

# 1️⃣7️⃣ Common Use Cases of CloudWatch

CloudWatch can be used for:

### 🖥️ EC2 Monitoring

Monitor:

```text
CPU

Memory

Disk

Network
```

* * *

### 📜 Application Logs

Monitor:

```text
Errors

Warnings

Application Events
```

* * *

### 🚨 Automated Alerts

Send alerts when:

```text
CPU is too high

Disk is almost full

Application is failing

EC2 instance is unhealthy
```

* * *

### 📊 Dashboards

Create dashboards to visualize:

```text
Infrastructure Health

Application Performance

Resource Utilization

Errors
```

* * *

# 1️⃣8️⃣ Best Practices 💡

### 1\. Avoid Monitoring Everything

Focus on important metrics.

For example:

```text
CPU

Memory

Disk

Application Errors

Latency
```

* * *

### 2\. Use Meaningful Alarm Names

Bad:

```text
Alarm-123
```

Good:

```text
Production-EC2-High-CPU
```

* * *

### 3\. Configure Proper Thresholds

Avoid setting unrealistic values.

For example:

```text
CPU > 10%
```

This may generate unnecessary alerts.

Instead:

```text
CPU > 80%
for 5 minutes
```

* * *

### 4\. Avoid Alert Fatigue

Too many alerts can cause teams to ignore notifications.

Configure alarms only for meaningful issues.

* * *

### 5\. Use Multiple Monitoring Layers

A production application should monitor:

```text
Infrastructure

Application

Database

Network

Security
```

* * *

# 🎯 Important Interview Questions and Answers

## Q1. What is AWS CloudWatch?

**Answer:**

AWS CloudWatch is a monitoring and observability service that helps monitor AWS resources, applications, metrics, logs, and events. It can also create alarms and trigger automated actions or notifications.

* * *

## Q2. What is a CloudWatch Metric?

**Answer:**

A metric is a numerical measurement that represents the performance or behavior of an AWS resource.

Examples include:

```text
CPUUtilization

NetworkIn

NetworkOut
```

* * *

## Q3. What is a CloudWatch Alarm?

**Answer:**

A CloudWatch Alarm monitors a metric and performs an action when the metric crosses a configured threshold.

For example:

```text
CPU > 80%
        ↓
CloudWatch Alarm
        ↓
SNS Notification
```

* * *

## Q4. What is a Log Group?

**Answer:**

A Log Group is a collection of logs from related applications or AWS resources.

For example:

```text
/aws/codebuild/project-name
```

Multiple log streams can exist inside a Log Group.

* * *

## Q5. What is the difference between Metrics and Logs?

| Metrics | Logs |
| --- | --- |
| Numerical data | Detailed event records |
| Used for monitoring | Used for debugging |
| Example: CPU 80% | Example: Application Error |
| Can trigger alarms | Can be searched and analyzed |

* * *

## Q6. What are the states of a CloudWatch Alarm?

There are three main states:

```text
OK

ALARM

INSUFFICIENT_DATA
```

* * *

## Q7. What is Amazon SNS?

**Answer:**

Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS) is a messaging service that sends notifications to subscribers using protocols such as email, SMS, HTTP/HTTPS, and AWS services.

* * *

## Q8. How can CloudWatch send an email alert?

The process is:

```text
CloudWatch Metric
        ↓
CloudWatch Alarm
        ↓
SNS Topic
        ↓
Email Subscription
        ↓
Email Alert
```

* * *

## Q9. What is the difference between Default and Custom Metrics?

**Default Metrics:**

Automatically provided by AWS.

Example:

```text
EC2 CPU Utilization
```

**Custom Metrics:**

Metrics manually sent to CloudWatch.

Example:

```text
Application Response Time
```

* * *

## Q10. Can CloudWatch monitor memory and disk usage on EC2?

**Answer:**

These are not typically available as standard EC2 host metrics in the same way as CPU utilization. To collect detailed memory and disk metrics, you generally configure the **CloudWatch Agent** on the EC2 instance.

* * *

# 🏁 Project Summary

In this project, we created a complete monitoring and alerting system.

### Architecture:

```text
EC2 Instance
      │
      ▼
CloudWatch Metrics
      │
      ▼
CloudWatch Alarm
      │
      ▼
Amazon SNS
      │
      ▼
📧 Email Notification
```

### What We Learned

✅ What AWS CloudWatch is  
✅ Why monitoring is important  
✅ CloudWatch Metrics  
✅ CloudWatch Logs  
✅ Log Groups and Log Streams  
✅ CloudWatch Alarms  
✅ Amazon SNS  
✅ EC2 CPU Monitoring  
✅ Creating CPU Threshold Alerts  
✅ Sending Email Notifications  
✅ Default vs Custom Metrics  
✅ CloudWatch Best Practices  
✅ Real-world monitoring concepts

* * *

# 🎉 Conclusion

AWS CloudWatch is one of the most important services for monitoring AWS infrastructure.

As a DevOps Engineer, deploying an application is only one part of the job. You also need to know whether the application and infrastructure are healthy.

CloudWatch helps answer questions such as:

```text
Is my server healthy? 🖥️

Is CPU usage too high? 📈

Is my application generating errors? ❌

Is disk space running out? 💾

Should the DevOps team be alerted? 🚨
```

By combining **CloudWatch + CloudWatch Alarms + Amazon SNS**, we can build an automated monitoring and alerting system that helps teams detect issues quickly.

> **Build it → Monitor it → Detect problems → Alert the team → Improve reliability. 🚀**

This project is a great beginner step toward understanding **AWS Monitoring, Observability, and Production Infrastructure**.

* * *

# 🚀 Continue Your Learning Journey

Thank you for taking the time to read this article.

Technology is evolving rapidly, and continuous learning is one of the most valuable investments you can make in your career. Whether you're exploring **DevOps, Cloud Computing, Artificial Intelligence, Cybersecurity, Software Development, Data Science, or Career Growth**, the resources below can help you deepen your knowledge and stay ahead in the industry.

* * *

# 🎓 Recommended Learning Platforms

## 🚀 Coursera

Learn from world-renowned universities and industry leaders including Google, IBM, Stanford, Microsoft, Meta, and many more.

✔ Professional Certificates ✔ Career-focused Learning Paths ✔ AI & Machine Learning Programs ✔ Cloud & DevOps Certifications ✔ Business & Leadership Courses

🔗 https://imp.i384100.net/k0KvbV

* * *

## 💻 Udemy

One of the largest online learning platforms with practical, hands-on courses covering:

✔ DevOps & Kubernetes ✔ Docker & Cloud Computing ✔ AWS, Azure & GCP ✔ Programming & Development ✔ Cybersecurity & Ethical Hacking

🔗 https://trk.udemy.com/MAL2MY

* * *

## 📊 DataCamp

A great platform for anyone interested in:

✔ Python Programming ✔ SQL & Databases ✔ Data Analytics ✔ Machine Learning ✔ Artificial Intelligence

Interactive learning paths and hands-on projects make it ideal for beginners and professionals alike.

🔗 https://datacamp.pxf.io/nX4kER

* * *

## 🎓 edX

Access high-quality courses and certifications from leading institutions such as:

✔ Harvard University ✔ MIT ✔ Berkeley ✔ Microsoft

Perfect for learners seeking university-level education online.

🔗 https://edx.sjv.io/POvVeN

* * *

## 🎨 Domestika

Enhance your creative skills with courses on:

✔ Graphic Design ✔ Video Editing ✔ Animation ✔ Digital Marketing ✔ Content Creation

🔗 https://domestika.sjv.io/dynKAW

* * *

# 🛠️ Recommended Tools & Resources

## 🔥 AppSumo

Discover exclusive lifetime deals on:

✔ AI Tools ✔ Productivity Software ✔ Developer Utilities ✔ Marketing Platforms ✔ Business Applications

A must-have resource for developers, creators, freelancers, and entrepreneurs looking to save money while accessing premium tools.

🔗 https://appsumo.8odi.net/L04a33

* * *

## 🛒 Shopify

Looking to start an online business or launch an eCommerce store?

Shopify provides everything you need to build, manage, and scale an online business.

✔ Online Store Builder ✔ Payment Integration ✔ Inventory Management ✔ Marketing Tools

🔗 https://shopify.pxf.io/Vxv09k

* * *

## 🌐 WordPress, WooCommerce & Jetpack

Create professional websites, blogs, and online stores with one of the most trusted web ecosystems in the world.

Ideal for:

✔ Personal Blogs ✔ Portfolio Websites ✔ Business Websites ✔ eCommerce Stores

🔗 https://automattic.pxf.io/Z6vR5W

* * *

# 🌍 Language Learning Resources

## 🗣️ Preply

Learn English and other languages through personalized one-on-one tutoring sessions with experts from around the world.

🔗 https://preply.sjv.io/o4gBDY

* * *

## 📚 British Council English Online

Improve your professional communication skills and English fluency through structured learning programs.

🔗 https://englishonline.sjv.io/9VOGa4

* * *

## 🧠 Rosetta Stone

One of the most recognized language-learning platforms for immersive language acquisition.

🔗 https://aff.rosettastone.com/X4OyqG

* * *

# 🧪 Science & Educational Resources

## 🔬 MEL Science

Interactive science kits and educational experiences designed to make STEM learning engaging and practical.

🔗 https://imp.i328067.net/bk2beg

* * *

## 📖 Carson Dellosa Education

Educational materials and learning resources for students, teachers, and lifelong learners.

🔗 https://carsondellosaeducation.sjv.io/E0JbjW

* * *

# ❤️ Support My Work

Creating detailed technical content, tutorials, guides, and learning resources takes significant time and effort.

If you find my articles helpful and would like to support my work, you can do so through the following platforms:

## ⭐ Become a GitHub Sponsor

Support my open-source contributions, technical content, and community projects.

🔗 https://github.com/sponsors/hritikranjan1

* * *

## ☕ Buy Me a Chai

Enjoying my content? Consider buying me a chai and supporting future tutorials, guides, and educational resources.

🔗 https://www.chai4.me/hritikranjan

* * *

# 👨‍💻 Connect With Me

**Hritik Ranjan**

💡 AI Enthusiast ☁️ DevOps Learner 🔐 Cybersecurity Advocate 💻 Software Developer

### Connect & Follow

🔗 GitHub: https://github.com/hritikranjan1

🔗 LinkedIn: https://linkedin.com/in/hritikranjan1

* * *

## 📢 Found This Article Helpful?

If this article added value to your learning journey:

✅ Share it with your network ✅ Bookmark it for future reference ✅ Follow for more DevOps, AI, Cloud, Cybersecurity, and Software Engineering content

Thank you for reading and being part of this learning journey.

**Keep Learning. Keep Building. Keep Growing. 🚀**

![](https://cdn.hashnode.com/uploads/covers/66fecde7cb0abd844c1a2f3c/a3ad8d41-f1f2-4920-9b67-07520760ba4f.png align="center")